A Guide to Moving to South Africa as an Expat

South Africa offers major advantages: modern, vibrant cities, rich cultural diversity, good weather, an attractive quality of life, and a relatively affordable cost of living. It is no surprise that the country is attracting an increasing number of expats. However, moving to South Africa — whether to Cape Town, Johannesburg, or Durban — requires thorough preparation.

How should you organize your move to South Africa? What administrative procedures must be followed? What key considerations, essential information and practical tips should you be aware of before starting your new life in South Africa? In this expat guide, you will find everything you need to prepare both your departure and your arrival.

What Are the Visa Requirements for South Africa?

Anyone planning to stay in South Africa for more than 90 days must obtain a visa before departure.

South African visas fall into two main categories:

• Temporary residence visas, issued for a limited period depending on the purpose of stay (work, studies, retirement, etc.);
• Permanent residence permits, granted under certain conditions after spending a qualifying period in South Africa on a temporary visa.

Temporary Stay Visas

The South African government offers several types of temporary visas depending on the expatriate’s situation and intended stay. Below is a detailed list of the main visa options available:

• General Work Visa: For foreign nationals with a confirmed job offer in South Africa. Its validity is tied to the employment contract and cannot exceed 5 years.
• Critical Skills Work Visa: For professionals whose expertise appears on the official Critical Skills List. A job offer is not required prior to entry, provided a position is secured within 12 months of arrival.
• Intra-company Transfer Work Visa: For employees transferred to a South African branch, subsidiary, or affiliated entity of a multinational company. Valid for 4 years and non-renewable.
• Business Visa: For entrepreneurs planning to create or acquire a business in South Africa.
• Corporate Visa: Issued to companies wishing to hire a defined number of foreign employees for a period of up to 3 years.
• Study Visa: Required for anyone intending to pursue studies in South Africa. It is valid for the duration of the program (up to 8 years for primary or higher education, and up to 6 years for secondary school).
• Exchange Visa: Intended for students and young professionals aged 25 and under participating in an official exchange program between their home country and South Africa. It is typically valid for 12 months and cannot be extended or renewed.
• Retired Persons’ Visa: For retirees wishing to reside in South Africa, subject to demonstrating a stable monthly income of at least 37,000 ZAR (worth approximately €1,800).
• Relatives’ Visa: Granted to immediate family members of South African citizens or permanent residents. Issued for 2 years and renewable.
• Medical Treatment Visa: For individuals traveling to South Africa for extended medical treatment. Valid for 6 months and renewable depending on the duration of care.

How to Secure Your Visa for South Africa?

Visa applications must be submitted to the South African embassy or consulate in your country of residence at least 2 months before departure. This is the minimum recommended timeframe; in practice, processing may take longer. We strongly encourage applicants to begin the procedure as early as possible.

The following documents are required to submit a visa application:

• A valid passport with at least two blank pages
• A fully completed visa application form (BI-84)
• Two passport-sized photos
• Proof of sufficient financial means
• A return or onward ticket when traveling by plane
• A written statement explaining the purpose and duration of the stay

For minors, proof of parental custody or a notarized parental authorization is required if the child is traveling unaccompanied.

Additional documents may also be requested depending on the visa type (employment contract, proof of enrolment, yellow fever vaccination certificate, etc.).

How to Obtain Permanent Residency?

South African visas are initially issued as temporary residence permits. To qualify for permanent residence, applicants are generally required to have lived in South Africa for several years. Eligibility criteria vary depending on the type of temporary visa held (work, investment, family reunification, etc.).

For the most up-to-date regulations and application procedures, we recommend contacting the South African embassy or consulate in your country of residence and visiting the official website of the South African Department of Home Affairs.

How to Move to South Africa with Your Pet?

Bringing pets into South Africa is subject to strict administrative procedures and health regulations. It is essential to prepare thoroughly and comply with all requirements to ensure your companion’s safe and smooth entry into the country.

Required Documents

To bring your pet into the Republic of South Africa, the following documents are typically required:

• Pet Passport: Your veterinarian must issue a pet passport or equivalent official health booklet in your pet’s name. This serves as proof of identification and vaccination history.
• Import Permit: Before purchasing airline tickets, you must obtain an import permit from the South African Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development. Processing can take several weeks, so we strongly recommend to apply as early as possible.
• South Africa–specific Veterinary Health Certificate: This certificate must be completed by an authorized veterinarian within 10 days prior to departure, confirming your pet’s good health and full compliance with South African veterinary requirements. In many countries, this document must also be validated by the national veterinary authority (for example: USDA in the United States, CFIA in Canada, DEFRA in the UK, etc.).

Veterinary Protocols

To relocate to South Africa with your pet, your animal must also meet the following requirements:

• Mandatory microchip identification: Only microchipping is recognized by South African authorities; tattoos are not accepted.
• Rabies vaccination: Your pet must have received a booster at least 30 days before departure and remain up to date (less than 1 year old).
• Parasite treatment: Pets must be treated for both internal and external parasites within 10 days prior to travel.
• Mandatory blood tests for dogs: Within 30 days of departure, dogs must be tested for several diseases, including Brucella canis, Trypanosoma evansi, Babesia gibsoni, Dirofilaria immitis, and Leishmania.

How to Import Your Personal Belongings Into South Africa?

Customs Formalities

Importing personal belongings into South Africa requires specific procedures and documentation. Before your departure, it is recommended to consult with the South African customs authorities for guidance.

The main steps to follow when shipping your belongings to South Africa include:

• Customs declaration: All items must be accompanied by a detailed inventory specifying the nature, quantity, and approximate value of the goods being shipped.
• Labeling of imported goods: Each container should be clearly labeled with the required information.
• Import permits: Certain items (electronic equipment, vehicles, firearms) require prior authorization from South African authorities.
• DA304 form: For personal relocations, this document may be required to import personal effects without paying customs duties.
• Customs duties: If exemptions do not apply, import taxes are assessed based on the declared value of the goods.

Choosing the Mode of Transport

When shipping your personal effects to South Africa, you have two main options:

• Air Freight: Ideal for urgent shipments or small volumes, air freight ensures fast delivery, usually within 1–2 weeks. However, costs are higher, and weight restrictions may apply.
• Sea Freight: Best suited for large moves or high-volume shipments, container shipping is more cost-effective but typically takes 4–8 weeks. Consolidation (sharing a container with other shipments) is an option to reduce costs.

Restricted Items

The following categories of goods are subject to restrictions, special authorizations, or additional customs procedures:

• Cash (over €10,000)
• Firearms and ammunition
• Batteries
• Cultural goods
• Alcoholic beverages
• Generators
• Pornographic materials
• Animal products
• Tobacco products

Prohibited Items

The following items are prohibited from shipment or are subject to hazardous materials transport regulations:

• Acids
• Aerosols
• Microbial and etiological agents
• Matches
• Explosive materials
• Gas cylinders
• Lighters
• Counterfeit goods
• Petrol/fuel
• Mercury
• Perfumes
• Paints
• Corrosive products
• Flammable products
• Household chemicals
• Radioactive materials
• Toxic substances
• Narcotics and psychotropic drugs
• Varnishes and solvents

How Much Does It Cost to Move to South Africa?

On average, relocating to South Africa costs between €4,000 and €5,000. However, this is only an estimated range. The actual cost of your move may vary depending on several factors, including:

• Volume of goods shipped: Larger shipments naturally incur higher transportation fees.
• Mode of transport: Air freight is faster but more expensive, while sea freight is more economical but takes longer.
• Customs procedures: Certain duties and taxes may apply depending on the goods being imported.
• Additional services: Full-service options such as packing, unpacking, and setup can significantly increase the overall cost.

What You Should Know Before Moving to South Africa

Where to Live in South Africa?

South Africa offers several attractive options for expatriates, depending on their preferences regarding climate, safety, career opportunities, and local lifestyle.

Among the most popular cities, Cape Town stands out for its Mediterranean climate, rich cultural scene, and stunning landscapes. The city boasts modern infrastructure, excellent international schools, and a wide selection of secure residential neighborhoods.

Durban, the country’s third-largest city, appeals with its subtropical climate, beaches, and more affordable cost of living compared to Cape Town. It offers a great balance for expats seeking a relaxed lifestyle at a more affordable price.

Johannesburg, on the other hand, is a dynamic city with numerous professional opportunities. However, some areas have higher crime rates, leading expatriates to prefer secure suburban neighborhoods.

What is the Cost of Living in South Africa?

In South Africa, the official currency is the Rand (ZAR). As of March 2025, €1 is approximately equal to 19.8 ZAR.

The country offers a lower cost of living compared to Europe. Expats generally enjoy greater purchasing power, especially if they earn in euros or dollars. This difference is particularly noticeable in everyday expenses, including food, housing, and leisure activities.

How Does the Health System Work in South Africa?

South Africa’s healthcare system is divided between public and private sectors. Health insurance is not mandatory, and medical coverage is provided by private insurance companies.

Before moving to South Africa, it is highly recommended to take out private international health insurance to ensure coverage in case of medical emergencies or routine healthcare needs.

Should I Get Vaccinated Before Traveling to South Africa?

The following vaccinations are strongly recommended for a stay in South Africa:

• Hepatitis A
• Hepatitis B: recommended for long-term or repeated stays
• Yellow fever: required for travelers arriving from at-risk countries
• Rabies: recommended for prolonged stays in isolated areas
• Typhoid: recommended for long stays or in areas with poor sanitation
• Malaria: required in low-altitude eastern and northeastern regions (Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces, and northeastern KwaZulu-Natal)

How to Find Accommodation in South Africa?

The South African rental market is well developed, but middle-class housing can sometimes be limited, especially in the secure neighborhoods favored by expats.

In Pretoria and Johannesburg, the average monthly rent for a five-room apartment is around €600–700, while it is higher in Cape Town. High demand in certain areas regularly drives rent increases, with annual hikes of up to 10%.

When searching for housing, we advise you to prioritize secure residential areas with good access to transportation and essential services. Many residential complexes offer enhanced security features, such as electric fences, alarm systems, and/or security guards. It is also recommended to start with a short-term rental, allowing time to evaluate different neighborhoods before committing to a long-term lease.

How to Open a Bank Account in South Africa?

Opening a bank account in South Africa is relatively straightforward.

To open an account, you will generally need to provide the following documents:

• Your passport
• A visa or residence/work permit
• Proof of address (rental agreement, utility bill, etc.)
• An employer letter (in some cases)
• An initial deposit, usually between USD 25 and 100

It is important to note that each bank sets its own requirements for non-residents. Some banks may limit available services until the client obtains a residence permit.

What Is Expat Life Like in South Africa?

Living as an expat in South Africa can be a unique and enriching experience. Many expats enjoy a diverse cultural environment, a favorable climate, and a relatively lower cost of living compared to Europe or North America. Cities like Cape Town, Johannesburg, and Durban offer modern amenities, international schools, vibrant social scenes, and access to natural beauty—from beaches to mountains and wildlife reserves. Social life often revolves around community events, sports, and outdoor activities. While South Africa offers plenty of opportunities for personal and professional growth, the quality of expat life often depends on the city and neighborhood you choose to settle in.

What Are the Challenges of Living in South Africa as an Expat?

Despite its many pros, living in Southern Africa comes with cons. Safety and security remain a concern, particularly in certain urban areas. Access to reliable healthcare, navigating bureaucracy for visas or work permits, and adapting to cultural differences can also pose difficulties. Additionally, infrastructure in some regions may not meet the standards expats are used to, and public services like transport or utilities can be inconsistent. Learning to adapt, staying informed, and connecting with local expat communities can significantly ease the transition and help expats enjoy life to the fullest.